
Prosociality in Majority Decisions: A Laboratory Experiment on the Robustness of the Uncovered Set 

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*** LIST OF FILES ***


	- Treatment_UC-Set.ztt - zTree program used to conduct the experiment

	- GER_Instructions_UC_Set.pdf - German original of experimental instructions
	- ENG_Instructions_UC_Set.pdf - English translation of experimental instructions

	- Cyber_Senate.txt - Code for replicating computation of the uncovered set of Figure 2 in the program CyberSenate
	- FiorinaPlott_1978_Series3.txt - Code for replicating computation of the uncovered set of Figure A2 in the program CyberSenate
	- Eavey_1991_Skew star.txt - Code for replicating computation of the uncovered set of Figure A3 in the program CyberSenate

	- payoutcells.dta - Data file for replicating Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure B1, Figure B2, Figure B3, Figure B4
				Data are generated in Stata (version: STATA 15.1) (see file "incentive_structure.do") 
	- payoutgrid.dta - Data file for replicating Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure B1, Figure B2, Figure B3, Figure B4
				Data are generated in Stata (version: STATA 15.1) (see file "incentive_structure.do")
	- incentive_structure.do - Stata (version: STATA 15.1) do-file for replicating Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure B1, Figure B2, Figure B3, Figure B4

	- final_results_subjects.dta - File contains subject-level data on group decisions
	- decision_dynamics.dta - File contains group-level data on all proposals and votes during group decisions
	- explore_policy_space.dta - File contains data of inspected points in stage 1 (90 second exploration of policy space at beginning of a period) of the periods of the experiment
	- chat_protocols_translations.dta - File contains German originals of chat protocols and English translations

	- analyses.do - Stata (version: STATA 15.1) do-file for replicating all results
	- Data_Reading_decision_dynamics.do - Stata (version: STATA 15.1) do-file: File names and labels variables of data set "decision_dynamics.cvs". File generates new variables for analyses
	- Data_Reading_subjects.do - Stata (version: STATA 15.1) do-file: File names and labels variables of data set "final_results_subjects.csv". File generates new variables for analyses

	- Log_replication_results.txt - Stata log of "analyses.do"

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*** Computatation of the location of the uncovered set ***

	For computing the locations of the uncovered set, I used the software CyberSenate, developed by Joseph Godfrey. Necessary steps to replicate my computations:
		1) Download CyberSenate: http://www.winset.com/Products.html
		2) Run file "Cyber_Senate.txt", "FiorinaPlott_1978_Series3.txt", or "Eavey_1991_Skew star.txt" in CyberSenate
		3) Click buttons "UC Set" and "Pareto" in CyberSenate


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*** Data files ***

	The experiment generated 4 data files. In the following, I will explain the meaning of the included variables.

	**********************************
	*** final_results_subjects.dta ***	
	**********************************
		File contains subject-level data on group decisions

		SessionID
		1: 11.07.2016, 12:00
		2: 11.07.2016, 14:00
		3: 11.07.2016, 16:00
		4: 13.07.2016, 14:00
		5: 11.07.2016, 16:00
		6: 06.10.2016, 10:00 

		Treatment
		Treatment 1, 2, or 3

		Period
		Period number (1 or 2)

		Subject
		Subject number within treatment

		Group
		Group number within treatment

		Group_ID
		Variable assigns unique ID to every group in the experiment
		ID consists of 3 numbers: ABB
			A: "Treatment"
			BB: "Group" (see below)
			Example: 205 represents Group 5 from Treatment 2

		Subject_ID
		Variable assigns unique ID to every subject in the experiment
		ID consists of 5 numbers: ABBCC
			A: "Treatment"
			BB: "Group"
			CC: "TYpe" (see below)
			Example: 20803 represents Player C from Group 8 from Treatment 2

		DecisionID1
		Variable assigns unique ID to every group decision in the experiment
		ID consists of 7 numbers: ABBCCDD
			A: "Treatment"
			BB: "Period"
			CC: "Group"
			DD: "Type" (see below)

		DecisionID2
		Variable assigns unique ID to every group decision in the experiment
		ID consists of 7 numbers: ABBCCDD
			A: "Treatment"
			BB: "Group"
			CC: "Type" (see below)
			DD: "Period"
		
		DecisionID3
		Variable assigns unique ID to every group decision in the experiment
		ID consists of 5 numbers: ABBCCDD
			A: "Treatment"
			BB: "Group"
			CC: "Period"

		Type
			Type 1 = Player A
			Type 2 = Player B
			Type 3 = Player C
			Type 4 = Player D
			Type 5 = Player E

		final_x
		x-coordinates of final group decision in period

		final_y
		y-coordinates of final group decision in period

		Vote_adj
		Did Player vote for final result?
			0: no
			1: yes		

		Vote_cont
		Did Player vote against final result?
			0: no
			1: yes		 

		Vote_A_adj
		Did Player A vote for final result?
			0: no
			1: yes	
			Vote_B-E_adj are defined analogously 

		Vote_A_cont
		Did Player A vote against final result?
			0: no
			1: yes		
			Vote_B-E_cont are defined analogously 

		sum_adj
		Number of votes for final result

		sum_cont
		Number of votes against final result

		age
		Age of subject
			-99: questionnaire was conducted after Period 2. Therefore, missing data in Period 1

		sex
		Sex of subject
			0: female
			1: male
			-99: questionnaire was conducted after Period 2. Therefore, missing data in Period 1

		student
		Is participant student?
			0: no
			1: yes
			-99: questionnaire was conducted after Period 2. Therefore, missing data in Period 1

		semester
		Number of semesters studied
			-99: questionnaire was conducted after Period 2. Therefore, missing data in Period 1

		discipline
		Field of study
			-99: questionnaire was conducted after Period 2. Therefore, missing data in Period 1

		econ_student
		Is subject economics student?
			0: no
			1: yes
			-99: questionnaire was conducted after Period 2. Therefore, missing data in Period 1

		language
		Subject's first language
			-99: questionnaire was conducted after Period 2. Therefore, missing data in Period 1

		language_german
		Is subject's first language German?
			0: no
			1: yes
			-99: questionnaire was conducted after Period 2. Therefore, missing data in Period 1

		experience
		Experimental experience
		Original question: Wie oft haben Sie vor dem heutigen Experiment an einem Experiment des Kölner Laboratoriums für Wirtschaftsforschung teilgenommen? (Falls Sie es nicht genau wissen, geben Sie bitte einen ungefähren Wert an.)
			-99: questionnaire was conducted after Period 2. Therefore, missing data in Period 1

		criteria_dec
		Criteria for decision
		Original question: Nach welchen Kriterien haben Sie Ihre Entscheidungen im Experiment getroffen?
			-99: questionnaire was conducted after Period 2. Therefore, missing data in Period 1

		comments
		Further comments
		Original question: Haben Sie weitere Kommentare oder Anmerkungen zum Experiment?
			-99: questionnaire was conducted after Period 2. Therefore, missing data in Period 1

		guess
		Subject's guess in guessing game
			-99: Guessing game was conducted after Period 2. Therefore, missing data in Period 1

		dictator_give
		Number of points sent by subject in dictator game
			-99: The dictator game was conducted after Period 2. Therefore, missing data in Period 1

		dictator_receive
		Number of points received by subject in dictator game
			-99: The dictator game was conducted after Period 2. Therefore, missing data in Period 1

		your_sender
		Sender matched with subject in dictator game
			1 = Player A
			2 = Player B
			3 = Player C
			4 = Player D
			5 = Player E
			-99: The dictator game was conducted after Period 2. Therefore, missing data in Period 1

		your_receiver
		Receiver matched with subject in dictator game
			1 = Player A
			2 = Player B
			3 = Player C
			4 = Player D
			5 = Player E
			-99: The dictator game was conducted after Period 2. Therefore, missing data in Period 1

		time_in_stage2		
		Duration of group decision

		proposer
		Was subject the last agenda setter in the period?
			0: no
			1: yes

		type_agendasetter
		Type of last agenda setter in the period
			1 = Player A
			2 = Player B
			3 = Player C
			4 = Player D
			5 = Player E

		num_ag
		Counts the number of group members that had the right to make an proposal in the current period	

		fin_points
		Number of points earned by subject in period

		fin_points_A
		Number of points earned by Player A in period
		fin_points_B-E are defined analogously 

		time_in_stage_quest
		Time subject spent with answering post-experimental questionnaire
			-99: questionnaire was conducted after Period 2. Therefore, missing data in Period 1

		left_right
		Left-right self-evaluation (7 point Likert scale)
		Original question: Viele Leute verwenden die Begriffe 'links' und 'rechts', wenn es darum geht, unterschiedliche politische Einstellungen zu kennzeichnen. Wie würden Sie ganz allgemein Ihren eigenen politischen Standort beschreiben: Wo auf dieser Skala würden Sie sich selbst einstufen?
			1: left
			7: right
			-99: questionnaire was conducted after Period 2. Therefore, missing data in Period 1
	
		trust
		Generalized social trust
		Original question: Ganz allgemein, was meinen Sie: Kann man Menschen vertrauen oder kann man im Umgang mit Menschen nicht vorsichtig genug sein?
			1: 'Man kann Menschen fast immer vertrauen' 
			2: 'Man kann Menschen normalerweise vertrauen'
			3: 'Man kann normalerweise nicht vorsichtig genug sein im Umgang mit Menschen' 
			4: 'Man kann fast nie vorsichtig genug sein im Umgang mit Menschen'
			-99: questionnaire was conducted after Period 2. Therefore, missing data in Period 1

		justice1
		Original question: Es ist gerecht, wenn Personen, die im Beruf viel leisten, mehr verdienen als andere.
			1: stimme voll zu 
			5: lehne ganz ab
			-99: questionnaire was conducted after Period 2. Therefore, missing data in Period 1

		justice2
		Original question: Gerecht ist, wenn alle die gleichen Lebensbedingungen haben.
			1: stimme voll zu 
			5: lehne ganz ab
			-99: questionnaire was conducted after Period 2. Therefore, missing data in Period 1

		justice3
		Original question: Eine Gesellschaft ist gerecht, wenn sie sich um die Schwachen und Hilfsbedürftigen kümmert.
			1: stimme voll zu 
			5: lehne ganz ab
			-99: questionnaire was conducted after Period 2. Therefore, missing data in Period 1

		justice4
		Original question: Gerecht ist, wenn jede Person nur das bekommt, was sie sich durch eigene Anstrengung erarbeitet hat.
			1: stimme voll zu
			5: lehne ganz ab
			-99: questionnaire was conducted after Period 2. Therefore, missing data in Period 1

		justice5
		Original question: Es ist gerecht, wenn Einkommen und Vermögen in unserer Gesellschaft an alle Personen gleich verteilt sind.
			1: stimme voll zu 
			5: lehne ganz ab 
			-99: questionnaire was conducted after Period 2. Therefore, missing data in Period 1

		justice6
		Original question: Es ist gerecht, wenn Personen, die aus angesehenen Familien stammen, dadurch Vorteile im Leben haben.
			1: stimme voll zu
			5: lehne ganz ab
			-99: questionnaire was conducted after Period 2. Therefore, missing data in Period 1

		time_in_stage_guess
		Time subject spent with decision in guessing game
			-99: The guessing game was conducted after Period 2. Therefore, missing data in Period 1


		time_in_stage_dict
		Time subject spent with decision in dictator game
			-99: The dictator game was conducted after Period 2. Therefore, missing data in Period 1

		Gesamtauszahlung
		Total payoff (in EURO) for subject in experiment (including 4 EURO show-up-fee)
			-99: Payoffs were computed after Period 2. Therefore, missing data in Period 1
	


	*****************************
	*** decision_dynamics.dta ***	
	*****************************
		File contains group-level data on all proposals and votes during group decisions

		SessionID
		1: 11.07.2016, 12:00
		2: 11.07.2016, 14:00
		3: 11.07.2016, 16:00
		4: 13.07.2016, 14:00
		5: 11.07.2016, 16:00
		6: 06.10.2016, 10:00 

		Treatment
		Treatment 1, 2, or 3

		Period
		Period number (1 or 2)

		Group
		Group number within treatment

		Group_ID
		Variable assigns unique ID to every group in the experiment
		ID consists of 3 numbers: ABB
			A: "Treatment"
			BB: "Group" (see below)
			Example: 205 represents Group 5 from Treatment 2

		decisionid1
		Variable assigns unique ID to every group decision in the experiment
		ID consists of 7 numbers: ABBCCDD
			A: "Treatment"
			BB: "Period"
			CC: "Group"
			DD: "num_ag" (see below)

		decisionid2
		Variable assigns unique ID to every group decision in the experiment
		ID consists of 7 numbers: ABBCCDD
			A: "Treatment"
			BB: "Group"
			CC: "num_ag" (see below)
			DD: "Period"
		
		decisionid3
		Variable assigns unique ID to every group decision in the experiment
		ID consists of 7 numbers: ABBCCDD
			A: "Treatment"
			BB: "Group"
			CC: "Period"
			DD: "num_ag" (see below)

		num_ag
		Counts the number of group members that already had the right to make an proposal in the current period

		agendasetter
		1: Player A
		2: Player B
		3: Player C
		4: Player D
		5: Player E

		proposer_dec
		Decision of agenda setter
		0: Proposal to adjourn
		1: Proposal new point
		2: Agendasetter timed out

		decision
		Outcome of current step of decision process
		1: Status quo maintained
		2: Proposed new point accepted
		3: Continue decision making
		4: Adjourn decision making
		5: Agendasetter timed out
	
		sq_x
		x-coordinates of current status quo

		sq_y
		y-coordinates of current status quo

		prop_x
		x-coordinates of proposed alternative point
		-99 no point has been proposed

		prop_y
		y-coordinates of proposed alternative point
		-99 no point has been proposed

		final_x
		x-coordinates of final group decision in period
		-99 no final group decision has been reached yet

		final_y
		y-coordinates of final group decision in period
		-99 no final group decision has been reached yet

		sum_sq
		Number of votes for status quo
		-99 no vote on new proposal

		sum_alt
		Number of votes for alternatve proposal
		-99 no vote on new proposal

		sum_adj
		Number of votes for adjournment
		-99 no vote on adjournment

		sum_cont
		Number of votes for continuing decision
		-99 no vote on adjournment

		points_A
		Payouts (in points/tokens) for Player A for proposal
		-99 no vote on new proposal		
		points_B-E are defined analogously 

		sq_points_A
		Payouts (in points/tokens) for Player A for current status quo		
		-99 no vote on new proposal
		sq_points_B-E are defined analogously 
		
		Vote_A_sq
		Did Player A vote for status quo?
		0: no
		1: yes
		-99 no vote on new proposal 		
		Vote_B-E_sq are defined analogously 

		Vote_A_alt
		Did Player A vote for proposal?
		0: no
		1: yes
		-99 no vote on new proposal 		
		Vote_B-E_alt are defined analogously 

		Vote_A_adj
		Did Player A vote for adjournment?
		0: no
		1: yes
		-99 no vote on adjournment		
		Vote_B-E_adj are defined analogously 

		Vote_A_cont
		Did Player A vote for continuing decision?
		0: no
		1: yes
		-99 no vote on adjournment		
		Vote_B-E_cont are defined analogously 

		time_in_stage2		
		Seconds since start of group decision
		
		time_for_decision_step
		Seconds since agenda setter received proposal power

	********************************
	*** explore_policy_space.dta ***	
	********************************
		File contains data of inspected points in stage 1 (90 second exploration of policy space at beginning of a period) of the periods of the experiment

		SessionID
		1: 11.07.2016, 12:00
		2: 11.07.2016, 14:00
		3: 11.07.2016, 16:00
		4: 13.07.2016, 14:00
		5: 11.07.2016, 16:00
		6: 06.10.2016, 10:00 

		Treatment
		Treatment 1, 2, or 3

		Period
		Period number (1 or 2)
		
		Subject_ID
		Subject number within treatment

		Type & PlayerID
		Type contains same information as PlayerID
			Type 1 = Player A
			Type 2 = Player B
			Type 3 = Player C
			Type 4 = Player D
			Type 5 = Player E

		Group_ID
		Variable assigns unique ID to every group in the experiment
		ID consists of 3 numbers: ABB
			A: "Treatment"
			BB: "Group" (see below)
			Example: 205 represents Group 5 from Treatment 2

		x
		x-coordinate of inspected point

		y
		y-coordinate of inspected point

		distance
		Euclidean distance of inspected point from player's ideal point

		points
		Payouts (in points/tokens) for player for inspected point

		points_A
		Payouts (in points/tokens) for Player A for inspected point
		points_B-E are defined analogously 
 
		Time
		Seconds since start of the period

		NumExplore
		Counts the number of points that already the player has already inspected in the current period		


	***************************************
	*** chat_protocols_translations.dta ***
	***************************************
		File contains German originals of chat protocols and English translations

		SessionID
		1: 11.07.2016, 12:00
		2: 11.07.2016, 14:00
		3: 11.07.2016, 16:00
		4: 13.07.2016, 14:00
		5: 11.07.2016, 16:00
		6: 06.10.2016, 10:00 

		Treatment
		Treatment 1, 2, or 3

		Group_ID
		Variable assigns unique ID to every group in the experiment
		ID consists of 3 numbers: ABB
			A: "Treatment"
			BB: "Group" (see below)
			Example: 205 represents Group 5 from Treatment 2

		Period
		Period number (1 or 2)

		message
		Original chat massage (German)

		translation
		English translation of "message"

		Subject
		Subject number within treatment

		Subject_ID
		Variable assigns unique ID to every subject in the experiment
		ID consists of 4 numbers: ABBB
			A: "Treatment"
			BBB:"Subject" 
			Example: 3078 represents Subject 78 from Treatment 3

		Type & PlayerID
		Type contains same information as PlayerID
			Type 1 = Player A
			Type 2 = Player B
			Type 3 = Player C
			Type 4 = Player D
			Type 5 = Player E

		Group
		Group number within treatment

		Stage
		1: 90 second exploration of policy space at beginning of a period
		2: Group decision

		num_ag
		Counts the number of group members that already had the right to make an proposal in the current period
		-99: "Stage"==1

		Time
		Seconds since start of the period
			